Automated Watering System Components
📌 The required materials for the system include an Arduino UNO board, a USB Type-B cable, a 5v one-channel relay, a Soil Moisture Sensor, a water pump, a mobile charger, jumper wires, and plastic tubing.
💧 The plastic tube is used to connect the water pump to deliver water to the plants.
🔌 The system uses a 5v mobile charger as the power source for the 5v water pump.

Wiring Connections Setup
🔌 Connect the Soil Moisture Sensor's (+) and (-) terminals to the probe's corresponding wires (red for positive, brown for negative).
💡 Connect the sensor's VCC to the Arduino's 3.3v, GND to Arduino's GND, and the A0 pin to Arduino's A0.
🔗 For the 5v relay, connect VCC to the Arduino's 5v, GND to Arduino's GND, and the "In" pin to Pin 4 on the Arduino board.
⚡ The water pump's positive wire connects to the relay's "com" terminal, and the mobile charger's positive output connects to the relay's "no" (normally open) terminal.

Software and Operation
💻 After physical setup, plug the Arduino board into the computer, open the Arduino IDE, and upload the provided code.
🌱 The system operates automatically: if the sensor probe detects the soil is too dry, the water pump turns on to irrigate the plant until sufficient moisture is detected, at which point the pump automatically shuts off.
🧪 Testing confirmed functionality: when the probe was removed from moist soil, the pump did not activate; when momentarily removed to simulate dry conditions, the pump successfully turned on.

Key Points & Insights
➡️ Building this system requires precise wiring between the Soil Sensor (A0, VCC, GND) and the Relay (In, VCC, GND), utilizing Pin 4 for relay control.
➡️ The relay acts as a switch, isolating the water pump's power source (mobile charger) from the Arduino's control signals.
➡️ Successful operation depends on uploading the correct code via the Arduino IDE to program the logic for moisture detection and pump activation.

📸 Video summarized with SummaryTube.com on Nov 18, 2025, 06:53 UTC