Discussion Text Fundamentals
📌 A Discussion Text is designed to explore pro and contra opinions regarding a specific issue or topic.
🧐 Topics discussed are typically debatable issues, such as the use of face masks during the pandemic.
✍️ The author of a discussion text typically presents both supporting (pro) and contrasting (contra) viewpoints.

Structure of a Discussion Text
1️⃣ The initial paragraph introduces the issue or the hot topic to be discussed.
2️⃣ The second paragraph presents the supporting points (Pro), outlining arguments in favor of the topic.
3️⃣ The subsequent paragraph details the contrastive points (Contra), presenting arguments opposing the previously stated views.
4️⃣ The final section provides a recommendation or conclusion, suggesting a solution by weighing both the pro and contra arguments.

Linguistic Features in Discussion Texts
🤖 The text primarily uses the Simple Present Tense because it discusses factual or currently happening issues.
🔗 Conjunctions are essential for coherence, particularly contrastive conjunctions like "however" and "on the other hand" to signal opposing views.
➕ Additive conjunctions like "in addition" or "next" can also be used to sequence supporting points.

Example Analysis: National Examination (UN)
⚖️ The central issue analyzed was the necessity and impact of the National Examination (UN) on Indonesian education quality.
👍 Pro arguments stated that without the UN, the education system would worsen, and it serves to measure the effectiveness of government educational programs.
👎 Contra arguments claimed the UN fails to give a clear image of overall student ability due to issues like cheating and only measures a small portion of competency.
💡 The conclusion suggested that the UN can still function as an instrument to evaluate students' cognitive competences in specific subjects nationally.

Key Points & Insights
➡️ Identify the main structure components: Issue $\rightarrow$ Supporting Points (Pro) $\rightarrow$ Contrastive Points (Contra) $\rightarrow$ Recommendation/Conclusion.
➡️ Pay close attention to contrastive conjunctions like *however* to immediately identify where the counter-argument begins in the text.
➡️ Use Present Tense predominantly when writing your own discussion texts about current, factual debates.

📸 Video summarized with SummaryTube.com on Jan 07, 2026, 14:24 UTC