First Aid Fundamentals
📌 First aid is immediate, temporary care given to someone ill or injured when medical help is delayed; its main objectives are to save lives, prolong life, alleviate suffering, and prevent further injury.
👍 Good first aiders should be gentle, observant, resourceful, tactful, and sympathetic, ensuring they comfort victims without causing panic.
🚫 Key don'ts include never giving food or drink to an unconscious person and avoiding moving an injured person unless absolutely necessary (e.g., to place them in the recovery position).

Emergency Action Principles (Unconscious Victim)
1️⃣ Follow the Emergency Action Principles, starting with ensuring scene safety, then checking responsiveness, and calling for help if there is no response.
2️⃣ Perform the primary survey using the ABCs: Airway (clear blockage), Breathing (use head tilt/chin lift), and Circulation (check carotid pulse).
3️⃣ If no pulse, perform CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) for 5 cycles of 30 compressions and 2 breaths while maintaining the maximum head tilt/chin lift.
4️⃣ If conscious or revived, proceed to the secondary survey using the SAMPLE acronym (Symptoms, Allergy, Medication, Past medical history, Last oral intake, Events prior) and check vital signs.

Wound Management, Dressings, and Bandages
📌 A dressing is sterile cloth used to cover a wound to stop bleeding or prevent infection; it should extend at least one inch beyond the wound edges.
🩹 Bandages secure dressings, apply pressure, or provide support/immobilization for broken bones, sprains, or strains; types include triangular, ace, and tubular.
🩸 Open wounds are treated using the RICE mnemonic for hematomas (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) and direct pressure/elevation for severe bleeding, followed by consulting a physician.

Management of Unintentional Injuries
🚑 For fractures and dislocations, the key first aid steps are to immobilize the injured part (splinting for fractures) and never force a dislocated joint back into place.
🥵 In cases of heat exhaustion or heat stroke, immediate actions involve moving the victim to a cooler place, removing outer clothing, and applying cooling measures until the temperature drops to $38^\circ$C or $37.5^\circ$C, respectively.
🗣️ For choking, if back blows fail, administer up to five abdominal thrusts (Heimlich maneuver) by placing a fist between the navel and breastbone, pulling sharply inwards and upwards.

Victim Transportation Techniques
🚗 Transporting victims requires considering the victim's weight, consciousness level, and environment; training is necessary for safe moving.
🚶 One-man transports include the Fireman's Carry (easiest for light victims) and the Blanket Drag (for seriously injured victims who should not be lifted).
👥 Two-man carries include the Chair/Seat Carry, while three or more persons can use the Hammock Carry or the Six-Man Lift and Carry.

Key Points & Insights
➡️ Practice prevention as it is better than cure, maintaining safety awareness even in familiar environments like home.
➡️ A first aider's role is a bridge between the victim and the physician; first aid ends when professional services begin.
➡️ When checking vital signs, avoid using your thumb to check the pulse as it has its own pulse, and never palpate both carotid arteries simultaneously.
➡️ For burns, flood the injured area with cold water for at least 10 minutes to stop the burning process and relieve pain.

📸 Video summarized with SummaryTube.com on Dec 03, 2025, 21:53 UTC