Museum Logistics and Overview
📌 The National Education Museum (Museum Pendidikan Nasional) is located at Jalan Dokter Setiabudi No. 229, Isola, Bandung, on the Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (UPI) campus.
⏰ Operating hours are Monday to Friday, from 9:00 AM to 3:00 PM.
🎟️ The entrance fee is Rp 15,000 per person.
🏛️ The museum is structured across four floors, each featuring different historical collections related to Indonesian education.

Evolution of Education Systems
🗿 The first floor covers prehistoric education, characterized as informal, survival-based learning passed down through family units (e.g., teaching hunting skills).
✝️ Religious education evolved, starting with Hindu-Buddhist influences (symbolized by statues like Ganesha) followed by Islamic education centered in mosques, using the Quran and traditional media like wayang.
🇳🇱 The Dutch Colonial period (20th century) established three school tiers: primary, secondary, and higher education, with systems like MULO (extended primary, Dutch medium) and HBS (precursor to SMA Negeri 3/5 Bandung).

Colonial Education Politics and Resistance
⚖️ Key characteristics of Dutch colonial education were dualism and discrimination (separate tracks for natives, Dutch, and Chinese), gradualism, standardized curriculum (concordati), and strict supervision.
📈 This system was tied to the Ethical Policy (Politics Etis), introduced after Queen Wilhelmina's ascension, which involved education, irrigation, and emigration, though its educational component was often discriminatory.
✊ Ki Hajar Dewantara founded Taman Siswa on July 3, 1922, as an alternative, non-cooperative educational resistance movement emphasizing nationalism and self-reliance (Berdikari).
👥 The "Three Serangkai" (Douwes Dekker, Ki Hajar Dewantara, and Cipto Mangunkusumo) utilized education to champion national awakening against Dutch colonialism.

Post-Independence and Regional Education
📜 Post-independence education is marked by curriculum development, beginning with the 1947 curriculum.
👩‍🏫 The collection highlights figures like Raden Dewi Sartika, who founded Sekolah Istri in 1904, integrating practical household skills (cooking, sewing) alongside the standard curriculum.
🗺️ The West Java Education section reflects the region's adaptability to multicultural and nature-based education, including the history of Isola (now the UPI Rectorate office), which was formerly a villa.
🎖️ The museum also features the Wirayuda Batara Museum, detailing the history of the North Bandung Battle where Villa Isola served as a defense line.

Key Points & Insights
➡️ The museum showcases the shift from informal survival learning to structured religious instruction and eventually to formalized, racially segregated colonial schooling.
➡️ Taman Siswa represented a vital educational counter-movement rooted in nationalism and self-sufficiency against colonial educational policies.
➡️ Key colonial schools like Technische Hoogeschool Bandung (THS), now ITB, were established in 1920, serving as the first higher education institution, with Insinyur Soekarno as an alumnus.
➡️ Post-independence education focused on curriculum standardization (starting in 1947) and integrating practical skills, as exemplified by Dewi Sartika's school offerings.

📸 Video summarized with SummaryTube.com on Nov 28, 2025, 07:44 UTC