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Establishment and Timeline of the New Order (Orde Baru)
📌 The New Order period in Indonesia spanned from 1966 to 1998.
📜 It officially began in 1966 following President Soekarno's order (Supersemar) to Lt. Gen. Soeharto to secure the chaotic state of the nation.
🚪 The era ended in May 1998 when President Soeharto resigned, leading to the Reform Era.
📜 Supersemar (March 11, 1966) is considered the milestone marking the beginning of the New Order, initiating a transfer of power from Soekarno to Soeharto.
Key Political Policies of the New Order (Domestic)
📌 A core objective was implementing the Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution purely and consistently.
🚩 Immediate actions included the dissolution of the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI) and the prohibition of Communist teachings (stipulated in MPRS Decree No. 25 of 1966).
🗳️ Six general elections were held between 1971 and 1997; the 1971 election was the last to feature a multi-party system (9 political parties plus Golkar).
🏛️ Political parties underwent fusion in 1973, resulting in two entities: the United Development Party (PPP) (from Islamic parties) and the Indonesian Democratic Party (PDI) (from nationalist parties), aiming for political stability.
Military and Political Structures
👤 Before becoming President in 1968, Soeharto served as the Chairman of the Presidium Cabinet (1966–1967) and then Acting President (1967–1968).
🛡️ The Dual Function of ABRI (Dwifungsi ABRI) involved the Indonesian Armed Forces participating not only in defense and security but also in socio-political life (e.g., military personnel serving as regional heads or ministers).
⚖️ The implementation of the Single Ideology Principle (Azas Tunggal Pancasila) was officially enforced in 1985, requiring all socio-political organizations to adopt Pancasila as their sole basis.
👥 The New Order government included the Ampera Cabinet (1966–1968), followed by seven Development Cabinets (Kabinet Pembangunan) spanning from 1968 to May 1998.
Key Points & Insights
➡️ The transition from the Guided Democracy era was triggered by the G30S/PKI event, leading to widespread chaos in late 1965/early 1966.
➡️ Student demands, known as Tritura (Three People's Demands), included dissolving the PKI, purging the cabinet of PKI elements, and lowering commodity prices.
➡️ The structure of elections simplified drastically after 1977 to only three contestants: two political parties and Golkar, following the forced fusion policy.
➡️ The New Order's domestic policy relied heavily on military integration into civil governance (Dwifungsi ABRI) and enforcing ideological conformity through the Single Ideology Principle.
📸 Video summarized with SummaryTube.com on Nov 23, 2025, 14:17 UTC
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Full video URL: youtube.com/watch?v=bWtlxoFn5_A
Duration: 43:19
Get instant insights and key takeaways from this YouTube video by Edcent.
Establishment and Timeline of the New Order (Orde Baru)
📌 The New Order period in Indonesia spanned from 1966 to 1998.
📜 It officially began in 1966 following President Soekarno's order (Supersemar) to Lt. Gen. Soeharto to secure the chaotic state of the nation.
🚪 The era ended in May 1998 when President Soeharto resigned, leading to the Reform Era.
📜 Supersemar (March 11, 1966) is considered the milestone marking the beginning of the New Order, initiating a transfer of power from Soekarno to Soeharto.
Key Political Policies of the New Order (Domestic)
📌 A core objective was implementing the Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution purely and consistently.
🚩 Immediate actions included the dissolution of the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI) and the prohibition of Communist teachings (stipulated in MPRS Decree No. 25 of 1966).
🗳️ Six general elections were held between 1971 and 1997; the 1971 election was the last to feature a multi-party system (9 political parties plus Golkar).
🏛️ Political parties underwent fusion in 1973, resulting in two entities: the United Development Party (PPP) (from Islamic parties) and the Indonesian Democratic Party (PDI) (from nationalist parties), aiming for political stability.
Military and Political Structures
👤 Before becoming President in 1968, Soeharto served as the Chairman of the Presidium Cabinet (1966–1967) and then Acting President (1967–1968).
🛡️ The Dual Function of ABRI (Dwifungsi ABRI) involved the Indonesian Armed Forces participating not only in defense and security but also in socio-political life (e.g., military personnel serving as regional heads or ministers).
⚖️ The implementation of the Single Ideology Principle (Azas Tunggal Pancasila) was officially enforced in 1985, requiring all socio-political organizations to adopt Pancasila as their sole basis.
👥 The New Order government included the Ampera Cabinet (1966–1968), followed by seven Development Cabinets (Kabinet Pembangunan) spanning from 1968 to May 1998.
Key Points & Insights
➡️ The transition from the Guided Democracy era was triggered by the G30S/PKI event, leading to widespread chaos in late 1965/early 1966.
➡️ Student demands, known as Tritura (Three People's Demands), included dissolving the PKI, purging the cabinet of PKI elements, and lowering commodity prices.
➡️ The structure of elections simplified drastically after 1977 to only three contestants: two political parties and Golkar, following the forced fusion policy.
➡️ The New Order's domestic policy relied heavily on military integration into civil governance (Dwifungsi ABRI) and enforcing ideological conformity through the Single Ideology Principle.
📸 Video summarized with SummaryTube.com on Nov 23, 2025, 14:17 UTC
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As an Amazon Associate, we earn from qualifying purchases

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