Closures & Scope
📌 Understand that each call to a factory function (e.g., `createCounter`) creates a new closure instance, meaning it has its own independent scope for captured variables like `count`.
📦 Recognize that a closure captures the value of outer scope variables at the time of its creation, and subsequent increments within *that specific closure instance* will modify its own captured value.
🤔 Be aware that if a closure references a variable that is a copy or is not dynamically updated within its scope, its value might not reflect external changes (e.g., `message` being initialized once with `count`'s initial value).

Promises & Asynchronous JavaScript
⏱️ Leverage promise chaining (`.then()`) to sequence asynchronous operations, passing results from one promise to the next, which can be an alternative to `async/await` for simpler flows.
🔄 Remember that JavaScript processes synchronous code first, even if an `await` promise resolves almost immediately, before handling the asynchronous promise resolution due to the event loop mechanism.

Hoisting & Variable Declaration
⬆️ Differentiate hoisting behaviors: `var` declarations are hoisted and initialized to `undefined`, while `let`/`const` declarations are hoisted but remain in the Temporal Dead Zone (TDZ) until their actual declaration, causing `ReferenceError` if accessed prematurely.
🚫 Avoid accessing `let`/`const` variables before their declaration to prevent Reference Errors, as they are not initialized until their definition.
➡️ Understand that arrow functions (`const func = () => {}`) are not hoisted in the same way traditional function declarations (`function func() {}`) are; they behave like `let`/`const` variables and cannot be called before their definition.

`this` Context & Binding
🔍 Be careful when extracting methods from objects (e.g., `const greet = person.greet;`) as this often causes the `this` context to be lost, resulting in `this.name` becoming `undefined`.
🔗 Use `.bind(thisArg)` to explicitly set the `this` context for a function, ensuring it correctly references the intended object when the function is called later.

Type Coercion & `typeof`
⚠️ Exercise caution when using `typeof` with `null`, as `typeof null` returns `"object"`, which is a common source of confusion in JavaScript.
🧐 Always be mindful of implicit type coercion and the differences between type conversion methods like `parseInt()` and `Number()`.

Destructuring & Default Values
✨ Utilize object destructuring to extract values and assign them to new variable names (e.g., `a: x` means `x` gets the value of `a`).
💡 Understand that default values in destructuring are only applied if the corresponding property in the destructured object is missing or explicitly `undefined`, not if it's `null` or any other falsy value.

Key Points & Insights
🎯 Focus on justifying the output of code snippets with a deep understanding of underlying JavaScript concepts, rather than just guessing.
🧐 Practice keen observation of code snippets, as small details (e.g., which variable is being logged, whether a method is bound) can significantly alter the outcome and are crucial for quick debugging.
📚 Continuously deepen your knowledge of JavaScript fundamentals; even "simple" snippets often test intricate behavioral nuances essential for interviews and professional development.
🛠️ Familiarize yourself with common interview "tricks" or subtle behaviors, such as the `typeof null` result or how default values are applied in destructuring, to demonstrate a thorough understanding.

📸 Video summarized with SummaryTube.com on Sep 12, 2025, 02:51 UTC