What is the IUPAC naming rule for an alkane derivative that is an alcohol?

The IUPAC name for an alcohol is derived by replacing the suffix 'a' from the corresponding alkane name with 'ol', resulting in 'alkanol'.

When is the common (lazim) nomenclature system for alcohols used?

The common system, which uses the format "Alkyl Alcohol," is only applicable to simple alcohol structures; complex or branched alcohols must use IUPAC nomenclature.

What is the priority rule when numbering the main carbon chain for IUPAC nomenclature of alcohols?

The carbon atom bonded to the functional group (-OH) must receive the lowest possible number. Only if both directions yield the same number for the -OH group should the numbering prioritize the side that gives substituents the lowest total locants.

How are alcohols with multiple -OH groups named according to IUPAC rules?

If there are two -OH groups, the name becomes 'alkane-diol'. If there are three, it becomes 'alkane-triol', and so on, with the locants of the -OH groups specified.

If two different chain length options are available that both contain the functional group, which one should be chosen as the main chain?

If there are two or more chain lengths possible that both include the -OH group, the longer chain should be selected. If the lengths are equal, the chain yielding the greater number of substituents should be chosen.

Alkane Derivative Carbon Compounds • Part 2: Alcohol / Alkanol Nomenclature

Alcohol Nomenclature: IUPAC vs. Common Name
📌 There are two main naming conventions for alcohols: IUPAC nomenclature and the Common (or Alkyl Alcohol) system.
💧 IUPAC naming involves changing the suffix of the corresponding alkane from '-a' to '-ol' (e.g., butane becomes butanol).
📚 The Common name system uses the format "Alkyl Alcohol" and is primarily limited to simple alcohols; complex alcohols must use IUPAC names.

IUPAC Naming Rules for Alcohols
📌 The main chain must be the longest chain that includes the carbon atom bonded to the $-\text{OH}$ functional group.
🔢 Numbering starts from the end that gives the carbon attached to the $-\text{OH}$ group the smallest possible number.
🖋️ The final name format is: *\[Locant of Substituents]-\[Name of Substituents] - \[Locant of $-\text{OH}$ ] - \[Parent Chain Name]ol* (e.g., 2-propanol).

Prioritization in Numbering and Naming
🥇 The highest priority in numbering is always given to the carbon bearing the $-\text{OH}$ group.
🥈 If the $-\text{OH}$ groups receive the same number from either direction, the next priority is minimizing the locants for substituents (branches).
🔠 Multiple substituents are named alphabetically; prefixes like *di-, tri-, tetra-* are ignored when alphabetizing, but used for counting identical groups (e.g., *ethyl* before *methyl*).

Key Points & Insights
➡️ When an alcohol has two $-\text{OH}$ groups, the parent alkane name changes to alkane-diol (e.g., Octane becomes Octanediol if there are two $-\text{OH}$ groups).
➡️ The common name system fails for complex structures, such as the example with five methyl groups, which only permits an IUPAC name (e.g., 2,2,3,4,4-pentamethyl-3-hexanol).
➡️ When drawing structures from IUPAC names, always start by drawing the main carbon chain and placing the functional group ( $\text{OH}$ ) before adding substituents and completing hydrogen counts.

📸 Video summarized with SummaryTube.com on Jan 18, 2026, 06:03 UTC

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Alkane Derivative Carbon Compounds • Part 2: Alcohol / Alkanol Nomenclature

AI Summary of "Alkane Derivative Carbon Compounds • Part 2: Alcohol / Alkanol Nomenclature"

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AI Summary of "Alkane Derivative Carbon Compounds • Part 2: Alcohol / Alkanol Nomenclature"

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