Definition and Formation of Legislation
📌 Written regulations (peraturan tertulis) contain general normative legal rules and are established by authorized state institutions or officials following prescribed procedures.
📝 Draft laws (RUU) are proposed by the government via relevant ministries and then prioritized by the DPR-RI (House of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia) for the National Legislation Program (Prolegnas).
🤝 Final laws are established through consensus after discussions, hearings, and plenary sessions involving the government and the DPR.
📜 Key characteristics of legislation include being written, established by authorized bodies, and having general binding force.

Hierarchy of Indonesian Legislation (Based on Law No. 12 of 2011)
1️⃣ The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia is the supreme basis.
2️⃣ Decrees of the People's Consultative Assembly (TAP MPR).
3️⃣ Laws or Government Regulations in Lieu of Law (Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang), which are used for urgent matters but require subsequent DPR approval.
4️⃣ Government Regulations (Peraturan Pemerintah).
5️⃣ Presidential Regulations (Peraturan Presiden).
6️⃣ Provincial Regional Regulations (Peraturan Daerah Provinsi).
7️⃣ Regency/City Regional Regulations (Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten/Kota).

Forms of Citizen Obedience to Legislation
🧘 Conscious Obedience (Kesadaran): Citizens must obey because laws result from representative mechanisms (DPR approval) and are binding on all; obedience should stem from inner conviction, not just coercion.
🤝 Compliance (Kepatuhan): This stems from awareness and requires accepting the consequences of being a violator; compliance is a shared aspect of rights and obligations in society.
🛡️ Enforcement Obedience (Penegakan Hukum): Obedience aims to maintain social order and fulfill the human sense of justice.

Key Points & Insights
➡️ Legislation must be written, established by authorized state bodies, and be generally binding.
➡️ The hierarchy of Indonesian law is strictly defined, starting with the 1945 Constitution and ending with local city/regency regulations.
➡️ True obedience to the law must be conscious (kesadaran), meaning it originates from within the citizen's conscience, not mere force.
➡️ Compliance with laws is essential for maintaining social order and achieving justice within the nation.

📸 Video summarized with SummaryTube.com on Nov 16, 2025, 09:57 UTC