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By AAUN Obs and Gynae
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Get instant insights and key takeaways from this YouTube video by AAUN Obs and Gynae.
Obstetric Abdominal Examination Protocol
π The examination requires a warm and private environment, confirming patient ID, considering a chaperone, and ensuring hand washing before touching the patient.
π£οΈ Introduce yourself, state your status, explain the need for palpation, and obtain verbal consent.
π Position the patient in the supine position initially, ensuring she has emptied her bladder to prevent discomfort.
Inspection Phase of Abdominal Examination
π Inspect the abdomen for overall shape and size.
β Look for visible scar marks from prior surgeries.
β« Identify specific skin changes in pregnancy: linea nigra (dark line down the middle) and striae gravidarum (linear purple/red lesions).
Palpation for Fetal Assessment
π Fetal growth and gestational age assessment are determined by fundal height measurements.
β Palpation aims to assess fetal parts, number of fetuses, fetal lie, position, presentation, and engagement.
π¦Ά Use even movements with the flat of the palmar surface of the closed fingers, maintaining skin contact to avoid irritating the uterus or stimulating contractions.
Fundal Height Measurement & Leopold Maneuvers
π Measure fundal height in centimeters from the symphysis pubis to the fundus, excluding the skin folds (by placing the measuring tape side-on).
π The distance should correlate with gestational age, typically cm.
ποΈ Fetal lie and position are assessed using four Leopold maneuvers: Fundal grip, Lateral/Umbilical grip, Pawlik's grip, and Pelvic grip.
Leopold Maneuver Details
πΊ Fundal Grip (1st): Palpates the fundus to determine which fetal part occupies this area (e.g., breech or head).
βοΈ Lateral Grip (2nd): Determines on which side the fetal back lies.
π€ Pawlik's Grip (3rd): Grasps the presenting part just above the symphysis pubis to determine what is above the pelvic inlet.
β Pelvic Grip (4th): Palpates for the brow and occiput to determine fetal position, particularly when the fetus is in a vertex presentation.
Fetal Heart Rate Auscultation
β€οΈ The fetal heart rate (FHR) is assessed using a fetoscope (Pinard or electronic Sonicaid).
π The device should be placed over the area where the fetal back/shoulder is located, as the sound will be clearest there.
β±οΈ A normal FHR range is 110 to 160 beats per minute (bpm); the mother's pulse must be counted separately.
Key Points & Insights
β‘οΈ The examination sequence is Inspection, Palpation, and Auscultation (FHR).
β‘οΈ Avoid jerky movements during palpation, as this can stimulate uterine contractions.
β‘οΈ Fundal height measurement discrepancy should generally be within cm of the expected gestational age.
πΈ Video summarized with SummaryTube.com on Jan 06, 2026, 17:16 UTC
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Full video URL: youtube.com/watch?v=ii3ewzqj8nk
Duration: 5:17
Get instant insights and key takeaways from this YouTube video by AAUN Obs and Gynae.
Obstetric Abdominal Examination Protocol
π The examination requires a warm and private environment, confirming patient ID, considering a chaperone, and ensuring hand washing before touching the patient.
π£οΈ Introduce yourself, state your status, explain the need for palpation, and obtain verbal consent.
π Position the patient in the supine position initially, ensuring she has emptied her bladder to prevent discomfort.
Inspection Phase of Abdominal Examination
π Inspect the abdomen for overall shape and size.
β Look for visible scar marks from prior surgeries.
β« Identify specific skin changes in pregnancy: linea nigra (dark line down the middle) and striae gravidarum (linear purple/red lesions).
Palpation for Fetal Assessment
π Fetal growth and gestational age assessment are determined by fundal height measurements.
β Palpation aims to assess fetal parts, number of fetuses, fetal lie, position, presentation, and engagement.
π¦Ά Use even movements with the flat of the palmar surface of the closed fingers, maintaining skin contact to avoid irritating the uterus or stimulating contractions.
Fundal Height Measurement & Leopold Maneuvers
π Measure fundal height in centimeters from the symphysis pubis to the fundus, excluding the skin folds (by placing the measuring tape side-on).
π The distance should correlate with gestational age, typically cm.
ποΈ Fetal lie and position are assessed using four Leopold maneuvers: Fundal grip, Lateral/Umbilical grip, Pawlik's grip, and Pelvic grip.
Leopold Maneuver Details
πΊ Fundal Grip (1st): Palpates the fundus to determine which fetal part occupies this area (e.g., breech or head).
βοΈ Lateral Grip (2nd): Determines on which side the fetal back lies.
π€ Pawlik's Grip (3rd): Grasps the presenting part just above the symphysis pubis to determine what is above the pelvic inlet.
β Pelvic Grip (4th): Palpates for the brow and occiput to determine fetal position, particularly when the fetus is in a vertex presentation.
Fetal Heart Rate Auscultation
β€οΈ The fetal heart rate (FHR) is assessed using a fetoscope (Pinard or electronic Sonicaid).
π The device should be placed over the area where the fetal back/shoulder is located, as the sound will be clearest there.
β±οΈ A normal FHR range is 110 to 160 beats per minute (bpm); the mother's pulse must be counted separately.
Key Points & Insights
β‘οΈ The examination sequence is Inspection, Palpation, and Auscultation (FHR).
β‘οΈ Avoid jerky movements during palpation, as this can stimulate uterine contractions.
β‘οΈ Fundal height measurement discrepancy should generally be within cm of the expected gestational age.
πΈ Video summarized with SummaryTube.com on Jan 06, 2026, 17:16 UTC
Find relevant products on Amazon related to this video
Growth
Shop on Amazon
Device
Shop on Amazon
Productivity Planner
Shop on Amazon
Habit Tracker
Shop on Amazon
As an Amazon Associate, we earn from qualifying purchases

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