Biographical Information on Uthman bin Affan
📌 Uthman bin Affan was born in Ta'if in 579 CE and his full lineage is Uthman bin Affan bin Abi Al-As bin Umayyah bin Abd Shams bin Abd Manaf bin Qusai bin Kilab bin Murrah.
👑 He belonged to the Banu Umayyah clan and earned the title Dhu al-Nurayn ("Possessor of Two Lights") for marrying two daughters of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ sequentially.
🕌 He converted to Islam through the invitation of Abu Bakar as-Siddiq and was known for his generosity despite coming from a wealthy background.

Selection as the Third Caliph
🗓️ Uthman bin Affan was chosen as the third Caliph through a meeting (Shura council) in Medina in the year 23 Hijriah (634 CE) following the assassination of Caliph Umar bin Khattab by a Persian slave named Abu Lu'lu'ah.
👥 Umar bin Khattab appointed a council of six companions guaranteed paradise by the Prophet ﷺ to choose the successor: Ali bin Abi Thalib, Uthman bin Affan, Abdurrahman bin Auf, Saad bin Abi Waqqas, Zubair bin Al-Awwam, and Talhah bin Ubaidillah.
🗣️ Due to initial intense disagreements, Umar instructed the six members to consult at the house of Siti Aisyah and mandated a three-day period for deliberation, with Al-Miqdad leading prayers, and a final decision required on the fourth day.

The Final Election Process
🤝 After three days of unresolved discussion and Uthman's arrival in Medina, the decision was finalized. Abdurrahman bin Auf facilitated the final confirmation by questioning both Ali bin Abi Thalib and Uthman bin Affan publicly.
⚖️ Both candidates swore before Allah and His Messenger to uphold the Qur'an and Sunnah and govern according to the practices of the two preceding Caliphs.
✅ Abdurrahman bin Auf announced his choice, declaring, "O Allah, hear and witness that I entrust the responsibility of the Caliphate to Uthman bin Affan." The community unanimously pledged allegiance (bai'at).

Inaugural Address and Message
🗣️ Uthman was officially chosen in Dzulhijjah 23 H, beginning his rule in Muharram 24 H, with his first sermon delivered after leading the Asr prayer.
🌍 He advised the Muslims that worldly life is fleeting and deceptive and urged them to focus on good deeds to prepare for the hereafter.
💧 He quoted Surah Al-Kahf, Verse 45, comparing worldly life to rain that nourishes vegetation which later dries up and is scattered by the wind, emphasizing its ephemeral nature.

Key Points & Insights
➡️ The selection process was intensely structured by Umar bin Khattab to avoid discord after his death, setting strict timelines and parameters for the Shura council.
➡️ Abdurrahman bin Auf played a crucial, unbiased role in mediating the final choice, requiring public oaths from the final candidates before making the decisive announcement.
➡️ Caliph Uthman's primary initial message focused on transience of the world and the necessity of prioritizing righteous actions for the eternal life.

📸 Video summarized with SummaryTube.com on Oct 16, 2025, 13:33 UTC