Pengantar Demografi #Pertemuan12 Part 3 END: JENIS DAN KRITERIA MIGRASI

Types of Migration
📌 In-migration is the movement of people into a destination area, while out-migration is the movement out of the original area.
⚖️ Net migration is the difference between in-migration and out-migration; it's positive if in-migration exceeds out-migration.
➕ Gross migration is the sum of in-migration and out-migration.
🌍 International migration involves moving across national borders.

Specific Migration Categories
🔄 Partial migration refers to movement between a specific origin and destination region relative to the total population of those areas.
👶 Lifetime migration is migration based on birthplace versus current residence.
🔟 Five-year migration (Recent Migration) tracks movement where the residence five years prior differs from the current residence.
🏙️ Urbanization is the increase in the proportion of people living in urban areas due to population growth, movement to cities, or urban boundary expansion.
🇮🇩 Transmigration (Resettlement) is the planned relocation of residents within Indonesia for national development purposes, governed by Law No. 3 of 1972.

Migration Measurement Criteria & Application
📊 Migration measurement relies on three main criteria: lifetime migration, recent migration, and total migration.
📍 The video focuses on Recent Migration (Resen Migration) as it better reflects current spatial population dynamics compared to the more static Lifetime Migration.
🧑‍🔬 Calculations for migration rates typically use the population aged five years or older, as data for the 0-4 age group (born between surveys) requires using lifetime migration data as a substitute.

Calculating Lifetime Migration Rates (Example: South Sulawesi, 1995 SUPAS Data)
🔢 Lifetime In-Migration Rate ($\text{M}_{\text{SHM}}$) is calculated as $(\text{M}_{\text{DIM}} / P) \times 1000$, where $\text{M}_{\text{DIM}}$ is the number of residents born outside the province but living there currently, and $P$ is the mid-year population.
📉 For South Sulawesi, the calculated $\text{M}_{\text{SHM}}$ was 40.3, meaning 40.3 out of every 1,000 residents were born outside the province but resided there in 1995.
⬅️ Lifetime Out-Migration Rate ($\text{M}_{\text{SHK}}$) is calculated based on residents born in the province but living elsewhere at the time of the census.
💸 Lifetime Net Migration Rate ($\text{M}_{\text{SHN}}$) for South Sulawesi resulted in $-64.6$ per 1,000, indicating that more people born there left than those born elsewhere who moved in.

Key Points & Insights
➡️ Recent Migration (comparing current residence to residence 5 years ago) is preferred over Lifetime Migration (comparing current residence to birthplace) for assessing current population mobility.
➡️ The interpretation of migration rates, such as the $\text{M}_{\text{SHM}}$ of 40.3, means that for every 1,000 people in the region, 40 were migrants based on birth location.
➡️ Gross Lifetime Migration ($\text{M}_{\text{SHB}}$) between two regions (e.g., South Sulawesi and East Java) is calculated by summing the migration flows between them and normalizing against the combined mid-year populations of both areas.

📸 Video summarized with SummaryTube.com on Nov 05, 2025, 15:46 UTC