Chemical Handling Safety Procedures
📌 Always use small containers that are easy to control when handling chemicals to prevent accidents.
💧 If an accident occurs, immediately inform the teacher and avoid trying to clean up spills yourself.
☢️ Always waft vapors indirectly toward your nose if permitted, instead of smelling chemicals directly from the bottle.
💨 Work with harmful volatile chemicals under a fume hood to manage dangerous vapors.

Preventing Contamination and Waste Disposal
🧼 Use only clean glassware and never pour anything back into a reagent bottle to maintain chemical purity.
🧪 Dispose of excess reagents in the proper waste container instead of returning them to the original bottle.
👆 Use a bulb or pipettor when drawing out chemicals with a pipette; never use your mouth.
🚮 Waste paper not contaminated with chemicals goes in conventional trash, while broken glassware must go into a separate container.

Bunsen Burner Operation and Heating Glassware
🔥 Never use a Bunsen burner to heat volatile organic liquids; use a heating mantle or steam bath in a fume hood instead.
🔵 Adjust the air inlets until the flame is blue with a lighter inner cone; the tip of the inner cone is the hottest part.
🛑 Immediately turn off the gas if the flame sputters, flares, or goes out, or if you smell gas.
🌡️ Heat flat-bottomed containers on a wire screen on a ring stand, and clamp narrow-necked flasks securely.

Safe Thermometer Use and Glassware Insertion
❌ Do not shake lab thermometers; the liquid inside moves freely on its own.
🧊 Lay thermometers on a wire screen or towel away from the edge of the bench to cool safely.
⚗️ Use a glass inserter lubricated with glycerin to safely push glass tubing through stoppers, or use leather gloves if not using an inserter.
💧 Wash off any lubricant (like glycerin) from the tubing and stopper before returning them to storage.

Centrifuge Operation and Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
⚖️ To prevent vibration, a centrifuge must be balanced; if using one tube, place another tube with an equal amount of water opposite it.
✋ Never try to stop a centrifuge with your hand once it begins spinning.
🧥 Wear sturdy, natural fabrics (like cotton or wool) that won't melt if they catch fire; avoid loose sleeves.
👓 Always wear goggles with side shields; contact lenses should be removed as they can trap chemical vapors against the eye.

General Lab Conduct and Emergency Procedures
🚫 The most important rule: No fooling around (running, pushing, wrestling) in the lab, as this can cause life-altering accidents.
💄 Keep makeup, food, and drinks outside the chemistry lab to prevent contamination from chemicals or vapors.
👁️ If a chemical hits the eyes, wash them immediately in an eye wash fountain for at least 15 minutes, holding eyes open and rolling them.
🚿 For corrosive chemical splashes on the body, head immediately to the safety shower, rinse thoroughly for 15 minutes, and take off all clothes on the way.

Key Points & Insights
➡️ Always follow the AAA rule for diluting concentrated sulfuric or phosphoric acid: Add Acid to Water, never the reverse, to avoid dangerous boiling and splashing.
➡️ When heating test tubes directly in a flame, hold them at an angle while moving them back and forth to distribute heat evenly and aim away from others.
➡️ Before using any piece of glassware for heating, check it carefully for cracks or stars that could cause it to break when heated.
➡️ If a clothing fire occurs and the safety shower is not immediately accessible, follow the steps: Stop, Drop, and Roll.

📸 Video summarized with SummaryTube.com on Nov 30, 2025, 01:53 UTC